Abstract: Drawing upon extensive teaching experience in information retrieval lessons of pharmacy & medicine over years,as well as educational reform practices involving problem-based learning (PBL) in elective courses offered by schools of pharmacy,this study provides an in-depth analysis of the challenges encountered in information retrieval instruction for first-year undergraduate students,the specific measures implemented for teaching reform,and the corresponding practical experiences.Furthermore,based on the learning characteristics and actual needs of first-year pharmacy students,this study proposes targeted recommendations to better facilitate students' knowledge construction and competency development.