Abstract: In the recent years, remarkable advances of Biotechnology of Chinese Materia Medica have been achieved in many aspects, such as medicinal plant micropropagation, production of active compounds using tissue and cell culture system, isolation and fermentation of medicinal microbes, biotransformation of natural products, genetic engineering and molecular breeding, functional gene mining and synthetic biology, as well as bioinformatics. Based on the lessons learned from ten-years' teaching trajectory, the teaching team has gradually implemented several major teaching links, such as mind mapping guided preview and review; self-learning with short videos on key knowledge points; literature perusal to increase the forwardness and challenge of the class. The design of these key steps balanced the systemic nature of student learning and challenging property of this class, at the same time combine the teachers' organization with students' proactive learning. By the application of these key designing characteristics mentioned above, fruitful learning effect has been achieved throughout the teaching process.