Abstract: During the Republic of China period,some western medicine practitioners graduated from pharmaceutical departments in medical colleges,while others were trained in hospitals or pharmacies.Consequently,the qualification certification system was divided into two categories:one is pharmacists,and the other is dispensers.This system combined institutional regulations with the realities of the country,contributing to the specialization and standardization of the western pharmaceutical industry,which aligned with the development status of the pharmaceutical sector at the time.However,due to political turmoil and frequent wars,higher pharmaceutical education was not fully developed.As a result,the number of pharmacy assistants,originally intended as a temporary measure,continued to grow,while the total number of pharmacists was relatively small,which hindered the long-term development of the pharmaceutical profession.