Abstract: By comparing data from the ESI database in July 2021 and November 2015,this study analyzes the changes in discipline distribution and academic influence of "Double First-Class" universities.The research indicates that there are 19 "Double First-Class" universities with newly added ESI disciplines, totaling 456 disciplines, with growth rates of 11.32% and 61.54% respectively.Among the 137 "Double First-Class" universities, 118 have entered the ESI rankings, accounting for 86.13%.In terms of disciplines, engineering, chemistry, and materials science, which are traditionally strong disciplines, have shown a significant increase, with 110,84,and 81 universities respectively.In China, 179 disciplines have entered the top 1‰ globally, reaching the level of world-class disciplines, among which "Double First-Class" universities have 171 disciplines, accounting for 95.53%.Overall, the "Double First-Class" construction has achieved remarkable results, with great potential for disciplinary development.However, there are still issues such as uneven development, lack of top-notch disciplines, and low proportion of high-level achievements.Universities should recognize the meaning of ESI indicators, scientifically and reasonably formulate development plans, adopt development models that suit their own characteristics.The authorities should also take a holistic view, coordinating and guiding interdisciplinary cooperation and disciplinary layout among universities.